Anatomical cluster that is part of the cranium and consists of the jaws, hyoid, and branchial arches.[AAO], Anatomical cluster that is part of the cranium and consists of the jaws, hyoid and branchial arches.[TAO], The part of the skull derived from the embryonic pharyngeal arches. [Biology_Online][VHOG]

The skull of ancestral tetrapods has the three basic components that we have been considering: (1) chondrocranium, (2) splanchnocranium, and (3) dermatocranium (reference 1); Each part of the skull arises from a separate phylogenetic source. The most ancient part is the splanchnocranium (visceral cranium), which first arose to support pharyngeal slits in protochordates (reference 2).[well established][VHOG]

VSAO labels this term 'pharyngeal arch' (2012-06-01) - however, it clearly means pharyngeal arch skeleton., many sources define this as the part of the endoskeletal that is from pharyngeal arches - this would make it part-disjoint from dermatocranium. However, there are many bones in AOs that have part-paths to both

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Illu_facial_bones.jpg

visceral skeleton, pharyngeal arch skeleton, branchial arch skeleton, pharyngeal arch, pharyngeal skeleton, visceral skeletal system, visceral cranium, gill arch skeleton

uberon

UBERON:0008895

• skeleton of lower jaw
• sphenoid bone
• temporal bone
• jaw skeleton

• styloid process of temporal bone
• hyoid arch skeleton
• alisphenoid endochondral element
• suspensorium
• laryngeal apparatus
• laryngeal associated mesenchyme
• palatoquadrate arch
• pharyngeal arch cartilage
• auditory ossicle endochondral element
• corniculate cartilage